BS Business Economics

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Degree Requirements

  1. A student must have (a) a cumulative weighted average of 2.50 [1]or better in all grades received in courses in his/her curriculum and (b) a cumulative average of 2.50a or better in economics courses, excluding Econ 11, at either the end of his junior year of the summer term of it; otherwise, he is dismissed from the School.
  2. A student must obtain at the end of every semester or summer (a) a cumulative weighted average of 2.50 a or better in all grades received in courses in the curriculum; (b) a cumulative weighted average of 2.50 a or better in economics courses; and (c) must obtain regular grades (i.e., excluding INCs and DRPs) in at least 60% of the units registered as of the last day of registration; otherwise, the student will be placed on probation the following term.

Probation may be removed by satisfying requirements (a), (b), and (c) at the end of the semester or summer the student was on probation.

  1. Any student on probation who fails to satisfy requirements (a), (b) and (c) at the end of the semester or summer the student was on probation will be dismissed from the School.
  2. A student must pass Econ 106 and 131 by the end of the summer term of his/her junior year; otherwise, s/he is dismissed from the School. b
  3. A 2.50 cumulative weighted average for all grades received in courses in his/her curriculum and in all economics courses excluding Econ 11 is a requirement for graduation.

a For all students who have been admitted into School in academic year 1990 and after; 2.65 for students admitted before 1990.

b Only those students who received a grade of 5.0 in any Economics course, particularly Econ 101, Econ 102, Econ 106 or Econ 131 during the academic year are eligible for enrollment in these courses during the summer term. However, they are not eligible if the grade of 5.0 was due to excessive absences

Source: General Catalogue, 2004-2010, UP, p. 134.


[1] For all students who have been admitted into School in academic year 1990 and after; 2.65 for students admitted before 1990.

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Old Curriculum

First Year
First Semester Second Semester
GE Subject (AH 1) – Fil 40* 3 GE Subject (AH 2) – Eng 10 3
GE Subject (SSP 1) – Free Choice 3 GE Subject (SSP 3) – Philo 1 3
GE Subject (MST 1) – Free Choice 3 GE Subject (MST 3) – Free Choice 3
GE Subject (Econ 11-SSP2) 3 GE Subject (AH 3) – Free Choice 3
GE Subject (Math 17-MST 2) 5 Math 100 (Introduction to Calculus) 4
Physical Education (2) Physical Education (2)
17 16
Second Year
First Semester Second Semester
GE Subject (AH 4) – Comm 3 3 GE Subject (SSP 4) – Kas 1* 3
Math 102 3 Free Elective 1 3
Econ 101 (Macroeconomics) 4 Economics Elective 1 3
Econ 102 (Microeconomics) 4 GE Subject (MST 3) – Free choice 3
Stat 101 (Elementary Statistics) 3 Free Elective 2 3
Accounting 1 (Intro to Financial Acctg) 3 Econ 106 (Elements of Math Econ) 3
NSTP (National Service Training Program) (3) NSTP (National Service Training Program) (3)
Physical Education (2) Physical Education (2)
20 18
Third Year
First Semester Second Semester
Economics Elective 2 3 Management Elective II3 3
Free Elective 35 3 Econ 121/141/151 3
Management Elective I1 3 Free Elective 45 3
Finance Elective2 3 Econ 132 3
Econ 131 (Quantitative Economics) 4 BE Elective 14 3
16 15
Fourth Year  
First Semester Second Semester
Econ 163 3 GE Subject (AH 5) – Free choice 3
BE Elective 24 3 GE Subject (SSP 5) – Free choice 3
Econ 121/141/151 3 Econ 121/141/151 3
GE Subject (MST 4) – STS 3 BE Elective 34 3
Econ 199 (Seminar) 3 P.I. 100 (Rizal) 3
Free Elective 55 3 15
18
* KAS 1 & Fil 40 satisfy the 6-unit Philippine Studies requirement.
1 BA 101 or IE 31 Industrial Organization and Management
2 BA 141 or Econ 122 Financial Economics
3 BA 115 or Econ 162 Managerial Economics
4 Students are required to choose 3 Business Electives (BE) from the following: BA 170, ba 151, BA 142, BA 105, BA 190, IE 3, IE 197(a), IE 197(B), IE 197(c), IE 150, IE 141, IE 142, Math 150, Math 180.1, Math 180,2, Stat 115, HRIM 112, HRIM 108.
5 Three (3) free electives in the junior and senior year – higher electives with course number 100 and above – may be taken outside of the Department. European Languages courses, regardless of course number, are considered as higher electives. They may also be Economics (Econ) electives: Econ 111/152/161/171/172/175/181/186/191/198’s,
excluding Econ 100.1/100.2 and Econ 190.1/190.2.
Note: As a requirement for graduation, all students are required to take six (6) units in one of the National Service Training Program (NSTP) component. ROTC and Civic Welfare Training Service are offered by UPD.

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New Curriculum

First Year
First Semester Second Semester
GE 1  Fil 40* 3 GE 5 Philo 1 3
GE 2 SocSci 1/ SocSci 2 3 GE 6 Arts 1 3
GE 3 Eng 13 3 GE 7 Speech 30 3
GE 4 Econ 11 3 BA 99.2 3
BA 99.1 3 Math 21 4
Math 20 (4) PE (2)
 PE (2) 16
Second Year
First Semester Second Semester
GE 8 Kas 1 3 Econ 103 3
Econ 101 (Macroeconomics) 4 Econ 104 3
Econ 102 (Microeconomics) 4 Econ 106 3
Math 30 3 BE Elective 1  3
Stat 101 3 Free Elective 1 6 3
NSTP (3) Free Elective 2 6 3
PE (2) NSTP (3)
PE (2)
17 18
Third Year
First Semester Second Semester
Econ 131 4 Econ 132 3
Economics 121/141/151 3 Econ 163 3
Economics 121/141/151 3 Economics 121/141/151 3
BE Elective 2 5 3 Finance Elective 13 3
Management Elective 1 1 3 Free Elective 4 3
Free Elective 36 3
19 15
Fourth Year
First Semester Second Semester
GE 9 STS 1/DRMAPS 3 Econ Elective 1 3
Econ 199 3 Econ Elective 2 3
Econ History Elective7 3 Econ Elective 3 3
Management Elective 22 3 Free Elective 56 3
BE Elective 3 5 3 PI 100 3
 Finance Elective 24 15
 15
BA 101 or IE 31 or HRIM 112
BA 115 or Econ 162 Managerial Economics
3 BA 141 or Econ 122 Financial Economics I
BA 148 or Econ 123 Financial Economics II
Students are required to choose 3 Business Electives (BE) from the following: BA 170, BA 151, BA 142, BA
105, BA 190, IE 3, IE 197(a), IE 197(b), IE 197(c), IE 150, IE 141, IE 142, Math 150.1, Math 180.1, Math 180.2,
Stat 115, HRIM 108.
At least three (3) of the free electives must be higher electives, i.e., with course number 100 and above, which
may be taken outside of the Department. European Language courses, regardless of course number, are considered
higher electives. They may also be Economics (Econ) electives: Econ 138 / 153 / 161 / 168 / 171 / 172 / 178 / 181
/ 186 / 191 / 196 / 198’s, excluding Econ 100.1 / Econ 100.2 and Econ 190.1 / 190.2.
Econ 109/111/118
All students required to take Math 21 must have passed any of the following: (1) High School Basic Calculus from the STEM or equivalent strand of K-12; (2) the Validation Examination for Math 20 (Pre-Calculus: Functions and their Graphs) administered by the UPD Institute of Mathematics; or (3) Math 20 as a non-credit course.
As a requirement for graduation, all students must take six (6) units in one of the National Service Training Program (NSTP) components: Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS), Literacy Training Service (LTS), and Reserved Officers’ Training Corps Military Science (ROTC Mil Sci). These are offered by UPD.

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Individual course descriptions

Econ 11 (Markets and the State)
Essential economic concepts and their use in analyzing real-world issues.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisite: None

Econ 31 (A Journey Through Time: Economic Ideas and Civilization)
A survey on the influence of economic ideas on historical events of the last century and a half.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisite: None

Econ 100.1 (Introduction to Macroeconomic Theory and Policy)
Basic concepts in macroeconomics and their applications.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisite: Math 11 or Consent of Instructor (COI)

Econ 100.2 (Introduction to Microeconomic Theory and Policy)
Basic concepts in microeconomics and their applications.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisite: Math 11 or COI

Econ 101 (Macroeconomics)
National income accounting; consumption and investment decisions; income and employment determination; monetary and fiscal policies; international policy; growth.
Credit: 4 units
Prerequisite: Econ 11 or COI

Econ 102 (Microeconomics)
Demand and supply; price determination in competitive markets; income distribution; general equilibrium and welfare.
Credit: 4 units
Prerequisite: Econ 11 or COI

Econ 106 (Elements of Mathematical Economics)
Mathematical approaches to elementary economic theory.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102, Math 100 or COI

Econ 108 (Economics of Socialism)
Theories of the transition to socialism for developed and underdeveloped countries; delineation of property rights; central planning, markets and coordination in the historical practice of centrally planned economies.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 109 (History of Economic Thought)
Evolution of basic economic ideas and their social and intellectual context.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 111 (General Economic History)
Economic change and the evolution of economic institutions in selected countries.
Credit 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 112 (Asian Economic History)
History of economic change and development in China, Japan and other Asian countries.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 115 (Philippine Economic History)
Economic change in the Philippines from colonial times to the present.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 116 (The Economies of Asia)
A survey of economic development in the countries of the region.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 121 (Money and Banking)
Nature and role of money; banks and other financial intermediaries; central banking and banking regulations; open economy issues; efficient-markets theory; development finance.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 131 (Quantitative Economics)
Representation of economic phenomena in terms of elementary mathematical and statistical models.
Credit: 4 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102, Math 100, Stat 101, COI

Econ 141 (International Economics)
International trade and finance; commercial policy and the macroeconomics of an open economy.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102

Econ 151 (Public Economics)
Market failure; collective choice; theory of government expenditures and taxation.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 153 (Project Evaluation)
Discounted cash-flow analysis; social opportunity cost pricing; applications to public-sector projects with case studies; post-evaluation techniques.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 161 (Industrial Organization)
Analysis of firms and markets; pricing, product and investment decisions in theory and in practice; policies on competition and on protection; business and its environment.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 171 (Economics of Agriculture)
Agriculture in strategies for economic development; economics of rural institutions; analysis of agricultural policy.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 172 (Resource and Environmental Economics)
Introduction to the analysis and problems and management of natural resources; environmental problems and policies.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 181 (Labor Economics)
Determinants of wage levels and wage structure; employment; nonwage aspects of employment; aspects of human capital theory.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 186 (Health Economics)
Demand for and supply of health care; role of government in health care; organization and financing of health care services; problems associated with delivery system.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 190.1 (International Trade, Payments and Development Policy)
Basic concepts and issues in foreign trade and external payments affecting developing countries; analysis of policies and their effects.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 190.2 (Monetary, Fiscal and Development Policy)
Basic concepts and issues in money, credit, taxation and public spending in the context of development; analysis of policies and their effects.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 191 (Development Economics)
Theories and problems of economic development; survey of the development experience in low and high income countries.
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI

Econ 195 (Reading Course in Economics)
Individual work on special topics not included in the announced course offerings
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102. May be taken twice.

Econ 198 (Special Topics in Economics)
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: Econ 101, 102 or COI. May be taken two or more times provided the topics are different.

Econ 199 (Seminar)
Credit: 3 units
Prerequisites: SS, Econ 131/COI

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Latin honors, UPSE and university awards

Students who complete their courses with the following ABSOLUTE MINIMUM weighted average grade
shall be graduated with honors:

  • Summa cum laude – 1.20
  • Magna cum laude – 1.45
  • Cum Laude – 1.75

Undergraduate students who obtains at the end of the semester an absolute minimum weighted average of “1.45” or better and “1.75” or better are awarded as University Scholars and College Scholars, respectively.

UPSE awards (upon graduation)

  • Dean’s List: absolute minimum WAG of 2.00
  • José Encarnación Jr. Award for Excellence in Economics: highest weighted average for all Economics courses taken (including Econ 11)
  • Gerardo P. Sicat Awards for Best Undergraduate Theses (top 3)
  • Best Undergraduate Thesis in the area of finance or financial economics

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